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Capacitor > Equivalent conductivity
The following information is about equivalent conductivity.
equivalent conductivity Defined
The concentration number of ions generated by each compound in solution is,
LAMBDA = KAPPA / C
where KAPPA, the specific conductance, or conductivity, equals d/(AxR) = 1/RHO, and C is the ionic concentration in equivalents per cm3. The resulting dimensions for equivalent conductivity, LAMBDA, are cm2ohm-1equiv.-1
Current is passed by the transport of oppositely charged ions. Since each ion, regardless of charge, contributes a fraction of the total current, the equivalent conductivity can be considered as the sum of two ionic conductances:
LAMBDA = LAMBDA+ + LAMBDA-
Ideally, the movement of ions depends only on the nature of the ion and such solvent properties as temperature and viscosity, but not on the opposite ion. This is formally known as Kohlrausch's law of Independent Migration of Ions and applies at infinite dilution.
The fraction of current carried by each ion is thus
t+ = LAMBDA+ / LAMBDA
t- = LAMBDA- / LAMBDA
and t+ + t- = 1
where t+ and t- are the transport numbers of their respective ions. Transport numbers vary somewhat with temperature and concentration.
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